Care and well-being
electrotherapy
Are you looking for an effective way to speed up the recovery process after an injury or manage chronic pain? Discover the benefits of electrotherapy in the Health Clinic!
Health through Electrotherapy
HOW DOES ELECTROTHERAPY WORK?
An electrical device generates and distributes impulses to the skin through electrodes or machine components. Thus, a low-intensity electric charge is allowed at the level of the affected (painful) area.
Electrotherapy uses electric current to obtain physiological and therapeutic effects on the human body. The human body, like other living organisms, represents a second-class conductor, at the level of which the electric charge carriers are ions.
Electric current is of two types: direct electric current and alternating electric current.
Electrotherapy is a conservative, painless way of treatment that can be beneficial to people with pain, inflammation, circulatory disorders in tissues affected by certain pathologies, traumas.
The most common biological effects of electrotherapy are: antialgesic, ionizing, excitomotor, vasodilator, nutritive, antidematous, resorptive and neuro-vegetative.
Forms of electrotherapy: galvanic currents, low-frequency electric currents (Träbert, TENS, diadynamic, rectangular, electrostimulation), medium-frequency electric currents (interferential), high-frequency electric currents (short waves, microwaves).
General electrotherapy indications: chronic rheumatic diseases (inflammatory or degenerative), degenerative diseases of the spine and limbs, plus associated syndromes (sciatica), post-traumatic conditions, abarticular rheumatic diseases (muscles, tendons, fascia, synovium, etc.), diseases peripheral nerves (neuralgia, neuritis, polyneuritis, traumatic injuries and their sequelae), central motor neuron injuries (hemiplegia, paraplegia).
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TECAR
Through TECAR therapy, we manage to stimulate the energy inside the tissues with the help of heat, with the objective of activating the body’s natural healing and recovery processes.
This therapy has an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect and is one of the most modern and effective non-invasive treatments today.
What does TECAR therapy consist of?
Capacitive and Resistive Energy Transfer (TECAR) is performed with a device with high-frequency currents, imperceptible to the patient, which enter the tissue and turn into heat.
The device works with the help of two electrodes and a conductive cream. A negative electrode is placed on the opposite side of the targeted anatomical area, forming a link with an active electrode, which is moved by the therapist, through circular movements, on the treated area. The sensation perceived by the patient during the therapy is pleasant, warm, similar to that of a massage. The effect is fast – from the first session, the pain is considerably reduced.
Using different frequencies, the therapist acts on superficial and deep structures. During the therapy, the body uses its own energy to activate the tissue and muscle regeneration mechanisms, resulting in healing.
This energy produces mechanical (better conduction of blood flow), chemical-biological (acceleration of the metabolism of damaged cells) and thermal (heat production) effects .
TECAR therapy can be used alone or combined with other complementary therapies or exercises. On average, a treatment of 10 sessions with daily frequency is indicated.
Biological effects:
- Energy production (energetic effect) at the level of intra- and extracellular structures, converting ADP into ATP
- The production of heat (thermal effect) by the intensification of the ionic interaction
These two main effects cause the following changes at the tissue level:
- The increase in cellular metabolism due to the increase in intracellular temperature
- Improving the balance of cell membranes under the electrode
- Repolarization of the cells, with the return to the physiological value
- Transition of the extracellular matrix from the gel (pathological) to the fluid (physiological) state
- Vasodilatation in the arterial territory, with an increased influx of oxygen and nutrients at the cellular level
- Improvement of venous and lymphatic flow that ensures the removal of cellular catabolism products
TECAR therapy is useful in the treatment of several conditions:
- Dislocations/fractures
- Muscle tears
- Pre- and post-operative treatment (prostheses and osteosynthesis)
- Post-arthroscopy treatment (ligamentoplasty, meniscectomy, meniscus sutures)
- Post-traumatic conditions, in which the therapy has an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-dematous effect
- Bone or ligament trauma, inflammatory processes in muscles and tendons
- Chronic conditions or post-traumatic sequelae
- Pain relief
SHOCKWAVE THERAPY (SWT)
Also called “pain therapy”, SHOCKWAVE therapy uses shock waves to treat chronic or acute conditions of muscles, tendons, ligaments and joints.
The name “pain therapy” is given by the anti-algesic effect that acts quickly, the results being visible, in some cases, even after the first session.
What is Shockwave Therapy?
A shock wave is a temporary pressure disturbance that propagates rapidly, three-dimensionally, in space.
Through the pressure it exerts on the treated tissues, the shock waves increase cellular permeability, stimulate microcirculation and cellular metabolism, collagen production, and thus stimulate healing as well as the dissolution of microcalcareous deposits in various soft tissues.
How does Shockwave therapy work?
The mode of action is determined by the fact that shock waves are sound waves with specific physical characteristics.
With an 80% success rate in eliminating chronic pain and stimulating local circulation, "pain therapy" determines:
- The increase in collagen production and the dispersion of "substance P" which is a mediator of pain, therefore significantly decreases PAIN;
- Restoration of inflamed tissues;
- Increasing muscle flexibility and joint mobility;
- Revascularization of damaged areas – which leads to rapid healing;
As a result of these effects, shockwave therapy is recommended in:
- Muscle contractions;
- Epicondylitis;
- Tendonitis (ex: Achilles tendinitis);
- Plantar fasciitis;
- Calcaneal spur;
- Various calcium deposits in the joints, periarticular soft tissues;
- Retractable capsulitis ("frozen shoulder");
- Avascular necrosis of the femoral head;
- Long bone fractures not consolidated after the estimated average time (prevention of pseudarthrosis formation);
- Fast healing of fractures;
- Medial tibial stress syndrome ("shin splint", tibial pain);
- Trochanteric bursitis (hip bursitis);
- Back pain;
- Synovitis;
- Dupuytren's disease (contracture of the palmar aponeurosis);
- Muscle hematomas;
- Hip or knee arthritis, sacroiliitis;
- Pain after trauma or surgery, etc.
What are the advantages of shock wave therapy?
- Short duration of treatment;
- Decreased pain and increased mobility;
- Improving blood circulation in muscles and tendons;
- Dissolving calcifications;
- Improving metabolism and microcirculation;
- Reducing tissue tension;
- Analgesic effect;
SHORT WAVE
Diathermia is a treatment prescribed for muscle and joint ailments. Short-wave diathermy uses a high-frequency electric current to stimulate heat generation in body tissues. Heat can increase blood flow, relieve pain, improve tissue mobility.
Short waves produce heat energy and deeply heat the affected area without causing skin damage.
The caloric effect has the following physiological benefits:
- On the metabolism: increases the need for oxygen and tissue nutrient substrate, increases metabolism;
- On the circulation: the circulation is activated, producing active hyperemia by direct local action, by reflex action (release of vasoactive substances) and by general vasodilatation, having as a side effect the lowering of blood pressure (in general applications);
- It has a sedative effect on the nervous system in applications on the cephalic region;
- At the level of the peripheral nervous system, excitability and conduction speed increase;
- On the muscles: it can induce muscle relaxation by increasing local circulation;
- Increases the body's immunity.
Therapeutic effects:
- Nervous system – analgesic, sedative for the central nervous system; increases excitability at the level of the vegetative nervous system;
- Musculature – muscle relaxant, antispasmodic; improves microcirculation at the muscle level;
- Immune system – increases the body's immunological capacity;
- Metabolism – activating effect through hyperemia;
Short wave therapy is recommended in:
- Gonarthrosis, spondylosis, ankylosing spondylitis;
- Bursitis, tendinitis, tenosynovitis, scapulohumeral periarthritis;
- Post-traumatic sequelae, sprains, muscle injuries;
- Neuralgias, neuromyalgias (Arnold-type neuralgias, cervico-brachial, intercostal, lumbosacral neuralgias, etc.), sequelae in various secondary stages of some neuritis, paresis and paralysis;
- Multiple sclerosis, sequelae of poliomyelitis, peripheral sequelae (post myelitis and meningitis);
- Frostbite, Raynaud's syndrome, in the early stages of peripheral arteriopathy of the limbs;
- Chronic bronchitis, sequelae after non-tuberculous pleurisy, pleurisy, bronchial asthma;
- Esophageal, gastro-duodenal and intestinal spasms, chronic constipation;
- Prostatitis;
- Metronexitis and parameritis, amenorrhea or secondary sterility;
- Sinusitis, cornic rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis;
- Furuncles, panaritis and hydrosadenitis;
Laser LLLT (Low level laser therapy)
LASER is an acronym for “Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation”.
Depending on the intensity of LASER radiation (between 100 nanometers and 2 millimeters), both the biological effects and their medical, diagnostic or therapeutic indications vary.
LASER light penetrates human tissue 8-15 mm, with absorption mainly in the first 4 mm. The initiated chemical processes can mediate physiological effects in depth, the effect being of a photochemical nature similar to photosynthesis and not thermal, of heating.
Physiological effects
The short-term effects consist of reducing the intensity of pain by stimulating the production and release of beta-endorphins and improving local blood flow, manifested by an increase in local temperature. The short-term effect is significant in 5-10% of cases, during or after the end of the initial treatment session.
The long-term or cumulative effects are given by increasing cellular energy by stimulating the synthesis of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and improving cellular metabolism, faster healing of damaged tissues (through increased protein production and improved ion transfer: Na, Cl and K). Improving nerve conduction by increasing serotonin and acetylcholine levels, reducing scar tissue by increasing collagen synthesis, and increasing blood flow (formation of new blood vessels) are other long-term effects of laser therapy.
Additionally, laser therapy promotes the body’s natural healing processes, increases resistance to infection by stimulating the immune response, and facilitates lymphatic drainage, reducing edema.
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF LASER
- Anti-inflammatory effect;
- Biostimulation effect;
- Antalgic/analgesic effect;
- Wound healing effect;
- Antiedematous effect;
- Vasodilator effect;
Conditions treated with LASER therapy
- Arthritis (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis);
- Cervical, thoracic, lumbar spine pain (spondylosis, lumbago, kyphosis, scoliosis, lordosis, disc herniations);
- Joint pains;
- Carpal tunnel syndrome;
- Fibromyalgia (characterized by diffuse pain and tenderness in muscles and soft tissues);
- Tendinitis, enthesitis, myoenthesitis, epicondylitis;
- Plantar fasciitis (heel pain);
- Muscle strains/ruptures, sprains, overuse;
- Neuralgia;
- Sinusitis and allergic rhinitis;
- Varicose ulcer;
- First and second degree burns;
- Acne, skin diseases, eczema;
- Sequelae after AVC (cerebrovascular accident);
Therapeutic indications of athermal LASER
- Traumatology: fractures, muscle tears, established muscle hematomas, posttraumatic calcareous myositis, sprains, dislocations, posttraumatic tendinitis, burns
- Rheumatology: rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, arthrosis, tendinitis, bursitis
- Abarticular rheumatism: tendinitis, bursitis, periarthritis, myogelosis, fasciitis
- Degenerative rheumatism: arthrosis with various locations
- Neurology: trigeminal neuralgia, paresis, neuritis
- Soft tissue injuries
- Open wounds: treatment of ulcers, bedsores, wounds
- Pain
- Diseases from the field of ENT, dentistry and dermatology
ADVANTAGES OF LASER TREATMENT
- Focused and deep tissue application
- Strong analgesic effect without pharmacotherapy
- Preventing the need for some surgeries and associated risks
- Extremely positive clinical results with lasting effects
Laser HILT (High intensity laser therapy)
Physiological effects
It is a therapy that uses a high-intensity laser, of high quality, in absolute safety with therapeutic action in the depth of tissues. Cumulative effects can appear immediately after the first treatment session.
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF LASER
- Anti-inflammatory effect;
- Biostimulation effect;
- Antalgic/analgesic effect;
- Wound healing effect;
- Antiedematous effect;
- Vasodilator effect;
All these effects are based on proven mechanisms known to have a positive effect:
- Accelerating microcirculation;
- Activation of the Melzack "gate control" mechanism - inhibition of pain perception;
- Increased intracellular activity in several enzymes, especially in the Krebs cycle;
- Increased oxygen circulation, improved glucose utilization;
- Stimulating DNA synthesis;
- Increased fibroblast activity (with positive effect on keloid scars);
- Phagocytosis activation;
- Activation of the Na/K pump at the membrane;
- Activation of metabolic processes at cellular level;
- Local changes in chemical mediators;
Conditions treated with LASER therapy
- Arthritis (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis);
- Cervical, thoracic, lumbar spine pain (spondylosis, lumbago, kyphosis, scoliosis, lordosis, disc herniations);
- Joint pains;
- Carpal tunnel syndrome;
- Fibromyalgia (characterized by diffuse pain and tenderness in muscles and soft tissues);
- Tendinitis, enthesitis, myoenthesitis, epicondylitis;
- Plantar fasciitis (heel pain);
- Muscle strains/ruptures, sprains, overuse;
- Neuralgia;
- Sinusitis and allergic rhinitis;
- Varicose ulcer;
- First and second degree burns;
- Acne, skin diseases, eczema;
- Sequelae after AVC (cerebrovascular accident);
Therapeutic indications of athermal LASER
- Traumatology: fractures, muscle tears, constituted muscle haematomas, posttraumatic calcareous myositis, sprains, dislocations, posttraumatic tendinitis, burns
- Rheumatology: rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, arthrosis, tendinitis, bursitis
- Abarticular rheumatism: tendinitis, bursitis, periarthritis, myogelosis, fasciitis
- Degenerative rheumatism: arthrosis of various locations
- Neurology: trigeminal neuralgia, paresis, neuritis
- Soft tissue injuries
- Open wounds: treatment of ulcers, bedsores, wounds
- Pain
- Diseases from the field of ENT, dentistry and dermatology
ADVANTAGES OF LASER TREATMENT
- Focused and deep tissue application
- Strong analgesic effect without pharmacotherapy
- Preventing the need for surgery and associated risks
- Positive clinical results with lasting effect
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
Interference currents
Trabert currents
Diadynamic currents
Diadynamic currents are indicated in locomotor disorders, post-traumatic conditions, rheumatic diseases, peripheral circulatory disorders.
Galvanic currents
Galvanic currents are indicated in algic processes, various traumatic and post-traumatic conditions, peripheral arterial circulatory disorders and in hemiplegia. They are applied with electrodes and have analgesic, vasodilator, myorelaxant, elasticizing and sedative effects.
Ultrasound
Physiological effect of therapeutic ultrasound (thermal and non-thermal)
Thermal effect – the heating effect in deep tissues is the most important biological effect, promoting the healing of deep tissue injuries by improving blood circulation in the affected region.
Mechanical Effect – vibration produced by the device is transmitted from near to near, thus moving the molecules with a frequency given by the transmitter of the device.
Cavitation effect, Diffusion effect – increasing cell membrane permeability.
Benefits of ultrasound
Antalgic effect – produced by thermal energy released and absorbed by ganglia and nerve endings, thus inhibiting pain.
Metabolic effect – is probably the most extensive component of ultrasound therapy.
Myorelaxant effect – occurs by reducing muscle spasms.
Bone restoration effect – at low doses, the formation of young bone cells is induced with a beneficial role in fractures, bone fissures or other osteo-articular pathologies such as synovitis, osteo-tendinitis.
The benefits of ultrasound therapy
- Improving the healing rate of certain soft tissues;
- Increasing the level of blood flow in the affected area to speed up the healing time of the inflammatory process;
- Stimulation of collagen production (the main protein in tendons and ligaments) during tissue healing;
Common injuries and conditions treated with ultrasound therapy
- Diseases of periarticular tissues, joints and muscles, injuries of ligaments and tendons;
- Post-traumatic conditions/conditions after contusions, dislocations, fractures;
- Bursitis/capsulitis/tendinitis;
- Peripheral nerve disorders – neuropathies, radiculopathies;
- Circulatory disorders – Raynaud's syndrome, Buerger's disease, Sudeck's dystrophy, edema;
- Skin conditions (scar tissue);
- Dupuytren's disease;
- Osteoarthritis;
Magnetotherapy
Magnetotherapy (magnetic field therapy) is a method of treating inflammatory conditions and reducing associated pain, through the action of a pulsating or static magnetic field on different parts of the body. Electromagnetic fields are generated by low-frequency currents (50 Hz or 100 Hz).
How does magnetotherapy work?
A magnetic field penetrates the tissues, allowing the immune system function and healing capabilities to be enhanced the organism. The benefits of magnetotherapy are: decreasing joint and periarticular inflammation, decreasing muscle contractions, relieving pain, increasing joint mobility, improving cellular and vascular permeability, activating blood circulation, increasing resistance to pain stimuli.
Magnetotherapy can be applied in continuous form, having a sedative effect, or in interrupted form, rhythmically or without any rhythm, having a general stimulating effect.
The benefits of magnetotherapy
- The analgesic effect - explained by the increased secretion of endogenous opioids secondary to the muscle relaxation, anti-inflammatory and edema reduction effect. The analgesic effect of magnetotherapy applies to all painful muscle conditions, as well as joint pain. It is often used to treat insomnia, migraines, atherosclerosis, memory disorders and post-traumatic head conditions;
- The anxiolytic effect - calming, relaxing and stimulating the production of prostaglandins, which leads to the mitigation of the harmful effects caused by stress;
- The trophic effect - accelerates the healing of the skeleton and soft tissues;
- Muscle relaxant and spasmolytic effect;
- Vasodilatation effect;
- The antiedematous effect;
- Anti-inflammatory effect;
Therapeutic indications
- Rheumatic diseases - chronic degenerative rheumatism (polyarthrosis, spondylosis, gonarthrosis or coxarthrosis), abarticular rheumatism (tendinitis, tenosynovitis, bursitis, myositis), chronic inflammatory rheumatism (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter's syndrome, psoriatic arthropathy, enteropathic arthropathies), retractile scars;
- Post-traumatic sequelae – wounds, contusions, muscle hematomas, sprains, conditions after musculotendinous ruptures, post-fracture sequelae, promoting fracture consolidation;
- Neuropsychiatric disorders – neuroses and neurovegetative dystonias, organic disorders of the nervous system (spastic syndrome, hemiplegia, Parkinson's, paraplegia, excitomotor syndromes, motor infirmity);
- Cardiovascular diseases – functional peripheral vascular diseases (Raynaud's syndrome, acrocyanosis), organic peripheral vascular diseases (thrombangitis obliterans, arteriosclerosis obliterans and arteriopathy), cerebral atherosclerosis;
- Respiratory diseases – bronchial asthma, chronic asthmatic bronchitis, spastic tracheobronchitis, neurotic asthma;
- Digestive disorders – gastroduodenal ulcer, chronic gastritis, chronic non-specific enterocolopathy, irritable bowel syndrome, biliary dyskinesias;
- Endocrine disorders – diabetes and osteoporosis;
- Gynecological conditions – functional dysmenorrhea, functional menstrual disorders (hypermenorrhea, functional menometrorrhagia, hypo or oligomenorrhea), non-specific chronic metroannexitis, non-specific chronic cervicitis, disorders specific to menopause and perimenopause;
OTHER TYPES OF CURRENTS
